All investments are subject to market risk, including the potential loss of principal. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investment returns and principal value will fluctuate, and investors may experience gains or losses upon redemption.​

The Sharpe Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted return, calculated by dividing the excess return of an investment over the risk-free rate by its standard deviation. It is used to understand the return of an investment compared to its risk. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance.​

This material is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities. The information provided does not consider the specific objectives or circumstances of any particular investor. Investment decisions should be made based on an investor’s objectives and circumstances and in consultation with their financial professionals.​

About Risk​
Growth stocks can face significant price declines if earnings fall short of investor expectations, even if they grow. Early-stage growth companies face higher risks. The main risk of value stock is that a security's price may not reach its expected value. Small and mid-cap securities carry higher risks, including sharp price fluctuations, limited liquidity, and unpredictable changes, especially over the short term. Investing in foreign securities carries risks, such as currency fluctuations, unstable markets, limited information, and political or economic challenges. Emerging markets often face higher risks than developed ones.